Ljubljana
Slovenia ยท Ljubljanski potniลกki promet (LPP), part of Javni Holding Ljubljana; national IJPP scheme via Ministry of Infrastructure for regional/intercity layer
Ljubljana has a bus-only urban network with strong single-operator integration via the Urbana card/app โ covering buses, funicular, parking, P+R, and bike-share access with 90-minute transfers โ but regional rail and intercity bus sit on a parallel IJPP system with limited interoperability. The central interchange experience is currently severely degraded by the multi-year Emonika railway station reconstruction, though the finished project will deliver a proper integrated hub.
How integrated public transport is โ quantitative reach and qualitative interchange combined
How easy it is to get around without a car. A separate measure, reported alongside the index.
How evenly distributed transit access is across the city
Temporary railway platforms 600 metres from bus stops have degraded physical interchange functionality during multi-year station reconstruction, though a planned overpass will restore the originally efficient 350-metre connection.
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- Signage5/10
- Mode distance4/10
- Physical experience4/10
Urbana card provides integrated payment across Ljubljana's city transit and bike-share with free 90-minute transfers, but regional rail and intercity services require separate ticketing systems, fragmenting multimodal connectivity.
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- Single platform / contactless7/10
- Interchange penalty absence7/10
- Multimodal products5/10
Urbana app offers multimodal planning, real-time bus data, and contactless payment; Google Maps and Moovit cover LPP well, but no single official planner covers urban + regional rail + intercity bus + bike share in one flow.
Fare and payment systems achieve partial integration via the Urbana app, but service coordination lacks pulse scheduling and night/weekend coverage drops sharply, fragmenting the network's cohesion outside peak hours.
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- Timed connections3/10
- Off-peak integration4/10
- MaaS reach5/10